Transformers, a neural network architecture introduced in the summer of 2017 by Google AI researchers, continue to power every major large language model available in 2026. According to MIT Technology Review, the original paper titled "Attention Is All You Need" laid the foundation for this transformative technology.
Justin Dangel, cofounder and CEO of Subquadratic, described transformers as one of the most important innovations in computer science. Their design has enabled significant advances in natural language processing and AI capabilities over the past nine years.
For Japanese markets, where AI-driven tools increasingly influence FX, crypto, and equities trading, understanding the role of transformers highlights the technological backbone shaping data analysis and decision-making in finance today.